by Samantha Kennedy | Oct 26, 2017
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According to the National Turkey Federation, 88% of American families eat turkey on Thanksgiving. That’s over 46 million turkeys! Served as the main dish, it is complemented by a variety of sweet and savory side dishes, many of which are family traditions made from recipes passed down through the generations.
Why do we eat turkey on Thanksgiving, anyway? Well, it’s kind of a funny story. While historians generally agree that turkey wasn’t eaten at the First Thanksgiving in Plymouth in 1621, it was well-documented that settlers often hunted wild turkeys as a source of protein, and subsequent celebrations often included turkey. After President Lincoln declared Thanksgiving a national holiday in 1863, turkey became a staple on many Thanksgiving tables.
When choosing a turkey, there are a few decisions to make. How many people will be eating? Will it be roasted, smoked, or deep-fried? Is frozen or fresh preferred?
When it comes to the proper size, a pound per person is a great rule of thumb. This includes the total weight of the bird, not just the meat. Also, the ratio of white meat to dark meat is about 7:3 (70% white meat, 30% dark), so if there are a lot of dark meat lovers around the table, additional thighs and drumsticks may need to be purchased.
Roasting is the most common way to cook a turkey. This method involves placing the turkey in a large roasting pan and cooking it in the oven slowly over several hours. The turkey is usually placed breast-side up in the pan and basted periodically to prevent drying. The lid or foil is also removed the last 30 to 45 minutes of roasting time to brown the skin and give the turkey that gorgeous presentation.
Vegetables such as potatoes, carrots, or Brussels sprouts may be added to the roasting pan to cook concurrently. For best results, roast the turkey at 325˚F for 15 minutes per pound. For example, a 15 pound turkey would take 3 hours and 45 minutes.
Smoked turkeys are usually fully cooked (read the label to be sure) and just need to be reheated. Keep in mind, smoking is done to impart flavor and does not increase the turkey’s shelf life. Follow the instructions on the package to properly reheat the turkey.
Deep-fried turkeys are submerged in very hot oil and cook more quickly than roasted turkeys. Turkeys can be deep fried in a very large stockpot or in a designated turkey fryer. Only use enough oil to cover the turkey. Too much oil can cause a fire or overflow when the turkey is added to the cooker.
To determine the amount of oil, place the turkey in the cooker and add enough water to cover the bird. Then remove the bird. The water line will indicate the level of oil needed to adequately fry the turkey. For best results, let the turkey warm to room temperature before frying, and fry the turkey for 3 minutes per pound plus 5 minutes per bird.
Remember, the size of the cooker will dictate the size of the turkey. The turkey should fit easily without being forced. Wedging a turkey into a cooker that is too small could cause uneven cooking, or worse, a fire.
As for frozen versus fresh, there is no difference in flavor. However, frozen turkeys can be purchased months in advance and kept frozen until needed. Fresh turkeys should be purchased no more than two days in advance for maximum safety and freshness.
The safest way to thaw a frozen turkey is in the refrigerator. This will take pre-planning. The general rule of thumb is 24 hours of refrigerator thawing per 5 pounds. For example, a 15 pound turkey should take 3 full days (72 hours) to thaw completely.
However the turkey is cooked this year, have a Happy Thanksgiving!
by Samantha Kennedy | Aug 24, 2017
With today’s continued focus on healthy eating and the dangers of high blood pressure, seasoning and cooking with salt has decreased. Alternative seasonings such as herbs and spices are excellent additions to any dish without the dreaded sodium. Herbs and spices are easy to use and can add a variety of delicious flavor combinations to any family favorite.
The difference between an herb and a spice is the part of the plant used. Herbs come from the leaves and soft stems of the plant. Spices are taken from the roots, seeds, bark, fruit, or flowers of the plant. Spices tend to have a stronger flavor than herbs, and are usually used in smaller quantities.
Besides being a healthy substitute for salt, herbs and spices can also replace added fat and sugar without contributing extra calories. Instead of adding extra sugar to oatmeal, for example, try using cinnamon or allspice.
Add cumin or ground black pepper to more savory dishes instead of reaching for the salt shaker or butter. Try seasoning meats with herbs and spices instead of coating them in breading or gravy.
Not all herbs and spices pair well with all types of foods. Herbs and spices should be used to enhance and complement the flavor of food without taking it over completely.
A strong herb such as rosemary would completely overwhelm a mild-tasting food like peas or other vegetable. Conversely, a mild herb such as parsley would be completely overwhelmed by a strong-tasting food such as lamb or beef.
Dried herbs can be used instead of fresh herbs in recipes, and vice versa. Keep in mind the flavor of dried herbs is much more concentrated than that of fresh, so reduce the amount accordingly.
Use only a quarter to half as much dried as fresh. Start with a smaller amount, and then add as needed to achieve the desired taste.
Look for herbs with a bright green color and little or no wilting when choosing fresh ones. Avoid bunches showing signs of mold, slime, or pests.
Wash fresh herbs in clean, cool water to get rid of any sand. Fresh herbs need to be stored in the refrigerator, in an unsealed plastic bag, to maintain optimal freshness. They can last up to three weeks, though should be used within a week for the best flavor.
Dried herbs and spices, if stored correctly, do not spoil. However, they will lose their flavor and aroma over time.
Ideally, flaked or ground herbs and spices should be replaced every six months for maximum flavor, but can remain viable for up to three years. Whole spices such as cinnamon sticks and peppercorns can remain effective for up to five years.
Not all herbs and spices are created equal. When using them in cooking, it is important to remember the more delicate herbs such as basil and chives should be added right before serving to preserve their flavor.
Less delicate herbs such as thyme and oregano can be added earlier in the cooking process since they retain their flavor better. When creating herb blends, mix, match, and be creative. Add them to a cheese shaker for easy access during meals.
To learn more, sign up for the Extension Cooking Class series which starts September 7, 2017 at the UF/IFAS Wakulla County Extension Office at 84 Cedar Avenue in Crawfordville. Start time is 6:00 p.m. and the cost is $10.
For additional tips about cooking with herbs and spices, call Samantha at the UF/IFAS Wakulla County Extension office at (850) 926-3931.
by Samantha Kennedy | Aug 5, 2017
Oh, watermelon. How do I love thee? Let me count the ways.
Watermelon is the perfect warm weather treat and a summer holiday essential. It’s a sweet, light, and delicious snack and its versatility lends itself to a wide variety of beverages, salads, meals, and desserts.
Watermelon is more than just water and sugar. It’s jam-packed with a number of vitamins and minerals that can help you stay healthy, including vitamin A, vitamin B6, vitamin C, potassium, and lycopene.
Vitamin A is vital to eye health and helps boost your immune system by supporting the functions of the infection-fighting white blood cells.
Vitamin B6 has many functions in the body, including aiding in immunity by supporting the creation of antibodies, which are needed to fight off infection. It also helps maintain proper nerve function and aids in the creation of red blood cells, which carry oxygen to all parts of the body. Vitamin B6 is also used to break down proteins into smaller parts that can be used to build and maintain muscle mass.
Vitamin C also helps boost immunity and overall cell health by helping to break down free radicals in the body, which can deteriorate cells over time.
Potassium is a mineral that is necessary for keeping a healthy water balance in the body, helping to maintain proper water balance and reducing the incidence of painful muscle cramps.
Lycopene is one of a family of vitamin precursors known as carotenoids. This substance is what helps give those bright red and pink fruits and vegetables – such as watermelon – their lovely color. Lycopene and other carotenoids function as antioxidants, which help eliminate those previously mentioned harmful free radicals. And preliminary studies have shown that lycopene may help reduce triglycerides and LDL cholesterol, which may lead to a reduction in cardiovascular disease risk.
Nearly every part of the watermelon can be eaten, from the sweet and juicy fruit to the rind, which is often pickled or used in stir frys. Even the fruit itself can be grilled and served as part of a savory dish. And watermelon is a sweet addition to many colorful summer salads.
One of my favorite watermelon recipes is a twist on a traditional favorite – Watermelon Lemonade – and is sure to be a great addition to any of your summertime picnics. Try it today!
Watermelon Lemonade
Ingredients
1/2 cup lemon juice
2 1/2 cups water
2/3 cups agave syrup*
2 cups watermelon chunks
*Other sweeteners may be used instead of agave syrup. However, be careful when adding them, as you may need to use less. Add to taste, mixing in a little at a time until you reach the desired sweetness.
Instructions
Place all the ingredients in a blender and blend until smooth. Serve over ice.
Servings
Makes about 5 cups.
Nutrition Facts
Serving size: 1 cup
Calories per serving: 163
Fat per serving: 0.3g
Saturated fat per serving: 0.0g
Fiber per serving: 0.3g
For more delicious recipes, please visit http://www.watermelon.org/Recipes.
by Samantha Kennedy | Jun 27, 2017
There are few things more iconic during summer than a picnic. There’s just something fresh and fun about sharing a meal in the park or at the beach with family and friends. But just because you’re enjoying the warm, gentle breeze doesn’t mean you should throw caution to the wind. By following a few simple food safety tips, you can ensure that your perfectly planned picnic doesn’t make you sick.
Planning it out. Not all foods are picnic-appropriate. Anything that requires a lot of perishable ingredients and/or a lot of preparation should be avoided. Stick with foods that require little or no cooking and that contain just a few ingredients. Foods such as fruits and vegetables (especially whole ones), hard cheeses, peanut butter and jelly, cereal, bread, and crackers are ideal picnic items. Anything made with commercially processed custard or mayonnaise will stay safe as long as they are kept cold.
Packing it up. Use a cooler, if possible, and store cold foods together so they can help each other stay colder longer. Use ice or frozen gel packs to help keep foods cold. Pack foods directly from the refrigerator into the cooler; don’t leave them sitting out before packing. Store ready-to-eat foods separately from raw meats. If packing up hot foods, be sure to keep them in a thermos or other insulated dish. DO NOT store them in the same container as the cold foods. Paper towels, disposable utensils, and a food thermometer are ideal picnic accessories. Remember, keep cold foods below 41 degrees F and hot foods above 135 degrees F. Do your best to keep the cooler away from direct sunlight by storing it in the shade and be sure to replenish the ice and/or frozen gel packs when they melt. Consider packing drinks in a separate cooler, as they are consumed more frequently; this will reduce the exposure of food items to warm air until you’re ready to eat.
Preparing the feast. All food items should be kept at the proper temperature at all times. When cooking raw meats, use separate plates for the raw and cooked products and clean and sanitize utensils between uses. Cook meat to the proper recommended internal temperature to ensure doneness and safety. Click here for a list of recommended internal cooking temperatures.
Presenting the bounty. Discard any perishable foods that have been left out for longer than two hours. In really hot weather (generally above 90 degrees F), foods should not be left out longer than one hour. Keep food protected in storage containers such as coolers and lidded dishes to minimize contamination from flies and other pests. Serve small portions of food at a time and keep the rest in the cooler.
Picnics are an important part of summer and with just a little bit of planning and a few useful tips and tools, they can be safe and delicious for everyone!
Source: Beaugh, Kristina. “Checklist for the Perfect Summer Picnic,” Foodsafety.gov blog, June 16, 2015. URL: https://www.foodsafety.gov/blog/2015/06/picnic.html.
by Samantha Kennedy | May 27, 2017
North Florida’s beautiful spring weather means we get to enjoy a variety of delicious, locally-grown fruits and veggies during the summer months. Produce such as bell peppers, squash, tomatoes, greens, corn, cucumbers, okra, peas, eggplant, and a variety of melons are plentiful and fresh from late spring through early fall.
The benefits of eating fresh fruits and vegetables are numerous and well-known. Fruits and veggies provide important vitamins and minerals that are vital to keeping your body working properly. They’re rich in fiber, which is important for digestive health and helps lower cholesterol. They provide antioxidants, which can help reduce your risk of a variety of cancers. They’re low in calories, fat, and sodium, which make them an ideal snack. And their colorful spectrum makes them a beautiful and healthy addition to any meal.
The MyPlate https://www.choosemyplate.gov/MyPlate guidelines call for making half your plate fruits and vegetables as part of a balanced meal. But remember, preparation is key. Steamed, roasted, raw, baked, and grilled veggies will provide the biggest nutritional bang for your buck, allowing the natural flavors to shine through. Deep fried, breaded veggies add unnecessary fat and calories, so be careful not to rely on this cooking method too often.
Mix and match! Pair a leafy green with a starchy vegetable for a wider spectrum of nutrients. Add fruits such as mandarin oranges or dried cranberries to a salad for a little extra sweetness. Try new flavor combinations by adding herbs and spices – but go easy on the salt!
While fresh fruits and vegetables are healthy, delicious, and plentiful during Florida’s summer months, frozen and canned varieties, including juices, can also provide many of the same health benefits. However, be sure to read the label carefully before buying. Look for low sodium or no salt varieties and only purchase 100% juice beverages, as other drinks may contain a lot of artificial flavorings and colors.
For more information about the benefits and uses of fresh North Florida produce, please visit the Panhandle Produce Pointers page at: http://wfrec.ifas.ufl.edu/panhandle-produce-pointers/produce-pointers-sheets/.
