Weed Control Methods in Landscapes and Gardens
by Ben Hoffner, UF IFAS Jefferson Extension
As we continue to tend to our summer landscapes and gardens, it is important to have a proper weed control plan in place. Unwanted plants that grow in your garden or landscape can cause for poor germination rates and poor quality of your crop. Weeds deprive your plants from essential nutrients, water, and sunlight that they need to thrive. There are many methods of weed control, but it important to make decisions based on what control method will work best for you.
Taking Soil Tests and Fertilizing are a good place to start in your plan for weed control. Unwanted plants thrive in low quality soil while your plants perform poorly. On the other hand, over fertilizing can cause for an increase in weed pressure. Knowing your pH and nutrient levels are essential to weed control. The soil test will provide you with specific recommendations for your plants.
The SoilKit will provide both pH and nutrient analysis for turfgrass and plants.
Mulching is one of the most effective ways to suppress weed pressure after you have planted your crop or landscape. Organic mulches such as pine bark and pine straw are very effective and have other added benefits such as improving soil characteristics, increasing plant growth, and the potential to increase your soil moisture. Inorganic mulches such as rocks and pebbles can also be very effective. While inorganic mulch is effective, they are more costly and do not add any other benefits to your soil. While ground cloth/ landscape fabric is very popular and challenging to install, it can be used for more than one season. Be sure not to use landscape fabric around plants since it can interfere with water and air movement into the soil. Mulch depths of 2 to 3 inches are important for the most effective weed control.
Organic mulches have several purposes in the landscape – weed control, conserving moisture, and aesthetics.
Cultivation is another method of weed control. Tilling and hand pulling weeds is very effective and allows you to see what weeds you are dealing with. Tilling also enhances soil structure and allows for easier uptake of water and oxygen in your soil. This method is more labor and time intensive but can more cost effective.
Chemical Control such as the use of a preemergence herbicide or spray herbicide can be very effective. It is important to have a proper ID of your weeds before application because there a specific product for specific weeds. Understanding what weeds, you are dealing with and how to read an herbicide label will ensure for a high success rate for chemical control.
The weed control methods discussed above can be very effective if done properly. It is important to understand what practices will work best for you as this will save time and money. If you have any questions regarding weed control in your landscape or garden, please reach out to your local UF/IFAS Extension Office for more information.